Edukasi Gizi Seimbang bagi Kader Posyandu  pada Masa Pandemi Covid-19 sebagai Pencegahan Balita Stunting di Kabupaten Bogor

Tria Astika Endah Permatasari; Hirfa Turrahmi; Illavina Illavina

doi:10.24853/assyifa.1.2.67-78

Edukasi Gizi Seimbang bagi Kader Posyandu pada Masa Pandemi Covid-19 sebagai Pencegahan Balita Stunting di Kabupaten Bogor

Tria Astika Endah Permatasari, Hirfa Turrahmi, Illavina Illavina

Abstract

Pandemi Covid-19 menyebabkan risiko peningakatan prevalensi stunting pada balita. Salah satu upaya yang dapat dilakukan untuk mencegah terjadinya stunting melalui edukasi yang terus menerus. Tujuan dari kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat (PKM) ini adalah untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan dan sikap kader posyandu mengenai pesan gizi seimbang yang diberikan secara berseri melalui media sosial di wilayah Kecamatan Caringin, Kabupaten Bogor. Metode yang digunakan dalam kegiatan PKM ini adalah melalui media sosial (whatsapp group) dengan cara memberikan pesan secara berseri sesuai dengan 4 (empat) pilar gizi seimbang yang mencakup 1) konsumsi makanan beraneka ragam, 2) Perilaku Hidup Bersh dan Sehat (PHBS), 3) pemantauan berat badan, dan 4) aktivitas fisik. Pesan diberikan kepada 42 kader yang berasal dari Desa Tangkil dan Desa Pasir Buncir, masing-masing 21 orang kader untuk setiap desa yang dilakukan selama Bulan Juli-Agustus tahun 2020. Hasil edukasi menunjukkan bahwa terjadi peningkatan rata-rata skor pengetahuan mengenai gizi seimbang terkait pencegahan terjadinya stunting pada balita dari 77,52±10,82 SD saat pre-test menjadi 82,19±9,93 SD saat posttest. Selain itu, rata-rata skor sikap juga meningkat dari 40,21±6,67 SD menjadi 44,48±5,44 SD. Kader posyandu diharapkan dapat menjadi agen perubahan perilaku pencegahan stunting melalui edukasi kepada orang tua balita untuk mencegah terjadinya stunting di masa pandemi Covid-19.

---

The Covid-19 pandemic causes an increased risk of stunting prevalence in children under five. One of the efforts that can be made to prevent stunting is through continuous education. The purpose of this community service activity (PKM) is to increase the knowledge and attitudes of posyandu cadres regarding the message of balanced nutrition given in series through social media in the Caringin District, Bogor Regency. The method used in this PKM activity is through social media (Whatsapp group) by giving messages in a series according to the 4 (four) pillars of balanced nutrition which includes 1) consumption of a variety of foods, 2) Behavior of Clean and Healthy Living (PHBS), 3) monitoring of body weight, 4) physical activity. Messages were given to 42 cadres from Tangkil Village and Pasir Buncir Village, every 21 cadres conducted during July-August 2020. PKM results show that there is an increase in the average knowledge score of 77.52 ± 10, 82 SD (before) became 82.19 ± 9.93 SD. In addition, the average attitude score increased from 40.21 ± 6.67 SD to 44.48 ± 5.44 SD. Posyandu cadres are expected to become agents of behavior change in preventing stunting by educating parents of toddlers to prevent stunting during the Covid-19 pandemic.

Keywords

balita, stunting, kader posyandu, gizi seimbang, pandemi covid-19

Full Text:

PDF

References

Alam, MA., et al. (2020). Impact of early-onset persistent stunting on cognitive development at 5 years of age: Results from a multi-country cohort study. PLoS One: 15(1):1–16

Amareta DI dan Ardianto ET. (2017). Penyuluhan Kesehatan dengan Metode Emo Demo Efektif Meningkatkan Praktik CTPS di MI Al-Badri Kalisat Kabupaten Jember. Seminar Nasional Hasil Penelitian 2017, ISBN : 978-602-14917-5-1.

Bogale TY, Bala ET, Tadese M. (2018). Prevalence and associated factors for stunting among 6–12 years old school age children from rural community of Humbo district, Southern Ethiopia. BMC Public Health (2018) 18:653 https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-018-5561-z

Childs CE, Calder PE, Miles EA. (2019). Diet and Immune Function. Nutrients, 11, 1933; 1-9. doi:10.3390/nu11081933. www.mdpi.com/journal/nutrients

De Vlieger N, Riley N, Miller A, et al. (2018). Nutrition education in the Australian New South Wales primary school curriculum: An exploration of time allocation, translation and attitudes in a sample of teachers. Health Promot J Austral. 2019;30:94–101.

Dhaded, et al. (2020). Preconception nutrition intervention improved birth length and reduced stunting and wasting in newborns in South Asia: The Women First Randomized Controlled Trial. PLoS One [Internet]. 2020;15(1):1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0218960

Dinas Kesehatan Provinsi Jawa Barat. (2015). Profil Kesehatan Provinsi Jawa Barat Tahun 2015.

Erni Rita, Saputri IN, Widakdo G, Permatasari TAE, Kurniaty I. (2020). Riwayat kontak dan status gizi buruk dapat meningkatkan kejadian tuberkulosis pada anak. Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat Khatulistiwa; 7(1): 20-29. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.29406/jkmk.v7i1.1988. http://openjurnal.unmuhpnk.ac.id/index.php/JKMK/article/view/1988

Huicho L., et al. (2017). Factors behind the success story of under-five stunting in Peru: a district ecological multilevel analysis. BMC Pediatrics (2017) 17:29 DOI 10.1186/s12887-017-0790-3.

Kementerian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia. (2020). Situasi terkini perkembangan Coronavirus Disease (Covid-19) 6 Mei 2020. https://covid19.kemkes.go.id/situasi-infeksi-emerging/info-corona-virus/situasi-terkini-perkembangan-coronavirus-disease-covid-19-6-mei-2020/#.XrTHgi2B1o4

Kementerian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia. (2020). Pedoman Gizi Seimbang pada Masa Pandemi Covid-19. Jakarta

Kementerian Kesehatan Repubik Indonesia. (2018). Hasil Utama Riset Kesehatan Dasar 2018. http://kesmas.kemkes.go.id/assets/upload/dir_519d41d8cd98f00/files/Hasil-riskesdas-2018_1274.pdf.

Kementerian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia. (2018). Situasi Balita Pendek di Indonesia. Buletin Jendela Data dan Informasi Kesehatan. ISSN: 2088-270X

Komalasari T, Permatasari TAE, Supriyatna N. (2020). Pengaruh Edukasi dengan Metode Peer Group terhadap Perubahan Pengetahuan, Sikap, dan Tekanan Darah pada Lansia di UPTD Puskesmas Sukajaji Kabupaten Majalengka. Syntax Literate: Jurnal Ilmiah Indonesia. Vol 5(5); 184-196. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.36418/syntax-literate.v5i5.1114. http://www.jurnal.syntaxliterate.co.id/index.php/syntax-literate/article/view/1114

Maharani R, Purwati NY, Permatasari, TAE. (2020). Screening for malnutrition and the effect of education using the STRONGkids application on increasing mother’s knowledge and children’s eating behaviour. The International Journal of Social Sciences World; 2(2): 144-152. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4090781. https://www.growingscholar.org/journal/index.php/TIJOSSW/article/view/71

Markulis P dan Strang D. 2015. Emotional Intelligence: A Demonstration. Developments in Business Simulation and Experiential Learning, volume 42, 2015, p.184.

Millward DJ. (2017) Nutrition, infection and stunting: The roles of deficiencies of individual nutrients and foods, and of inflammation, as determinants of reduced linear growth of children. Nutr Res Rev. : 30(1):50–72

Mistry SK, Hossain MB, Arora A. (2019). Maternal nutrition counselling is associated with reduced stunting prevalence and improved feeding practices in early childhood: A post-program comparison study. Nutr J;18(1):1–9.

Permatasari TAE, Sayfruddin A. (2016). Early initiation of breastfeeding related to exclusive breastfeeding and breastfeeding duration in rural and urban areas in Subang, West Java, Indonesia. J Health Res; 30(5): 337-45. DOI: 10.14456/jhr.2016.46. https://he01.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/jhealthres/article/view/77866

Permatasari TAE, Sartika RAD, Achadi EL, Purwono U, Irawati A, et al. (2016). Does breastfeeding intention among pregnant mothers associated with early initiation of breastfeeding?. Jurnal Kesehatan Reproduksi; 7(3): 169-184. DOI: 10.22435/kespro.v7i3.6278.169-184. http://ejournal.litbang.kemkes.go.id/index.php/kespro/article/view/6278

Permatasari TAE. (2017). Peningkatan pengetahuan dan perilaku gizi seimbang menggunakan peer education. Kes Mas: Jurnal Fakultas Kesehatan Masyarakat. 11(2):114-120. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.12928/kesmas.v11i2.5575. http://journal.uad.ac.id/index.php/KesMas/article/view/5575/pdf_107

Permatasari TAE, Sartika RAD, Achadi EL, Purwono U, Irawati A. (2018). Exclusive breastfeeding intention among pregnant women. Kesmas: National Public Health Journal; 12(3):134-141. DOI:10.21109/kesmas.v12i3.1446. http://journal.fkm.ui.ac.id/index.php/kesmas/article/view/1446.

Permatasari TAE, Chadirin Y. (2020). Sweetened condensed consumption of more than 1 glass per day has an impact on underweight among children under age five. Proceedings 4th International Symposium on Health Research (ISHR 2019): Advances in Health Sciences research (ISHR 2019); Vol 22:615-619. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2991/ahsr.k.200215.120. https://www.atlantis-press.com/proceedings/ishr-19/125935054.

Permatasari TAE, Chairunnisa, Herlina L. (2019). Penguatan kapasitas kader melalui gerakan ‘Aisyiyah Sehat (GRASS) sebagai upaya pencegahan penyakit tidak menular dan stunting, serta peningkatan kesehatan ibu dan anak di Provinsi Kalimantan Tengah. Prosiding Seminar Nasional Pengabdian Masyarakat LPPM UMJ: 2019:1-5

https://jurnal.umj.ac.id/index.php/semnaskat/article/viewFile/5429/3639.

Risdiana R, Purwati NH, Permatasari TAE. (2020). The effectiveness of menarche education via the Simencar Application. The International Journal of Social Sciences World: 2(2):153-160. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4115896. https://www.growingscholar.org/journal/index.php/TIJOSSW/article/view/75

Rolfe, E.D.L., et al (2018). Associations of stunting in early childhood with cardiometabolic risk factors in adulthood;1–13.

Sanou, A.S., et al. (2020). Association between stunting and neuro-psychological outcomes among children in Burkina Faso, West Africa. Child Adolesc Psychiatry Ment Health [Internet]. 2018;12(1):1–10. Tersedia pada: https://doi.org/10.1186/s13034-018-0236-1

Uwiringiyimana V, et al. (2019). Predictors of stunting with particular focus on complementary feeding practices: A cross-sectional study in the northern province of Rwanda. Nutrition: 60:11–8.

World Food Programme. 2020. Covid-19: potential impact o the world's poorest people. https://www.wfp.org/publications/covid-19-potential-impact-worlds-poorest-people

World Health Organization (WHO). (2018). Reducing stunting in children. Equity considerations for achieving the Global Nutrition Targets 2025 [Internet]. Tersedia pada: http://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/handle/10665/260202/9789241513647-eng.pdf?sequence=1

World Health Organization (WHO). (2020). Rolling updates on coronavirus disease (Covid-19). Https://www.who.int/emergencies/diseases/novel-coronavirus-2019/events-as-they-happen

DOI: https://doi.org/10.24853/assyifa.1.2.67-78

Refbacks

There are currently no refbacks.

As-Syifa :Jurnal Pengabdian dan Pemberdayaan Kesehatan Masyarakat

E-ISSN: 2722-2055

----------------------------------------------------------------------------

Diterbitkan oleh

Fakultas Kesehatan Masyarakat, Universitas Muhammadiyah Jakarta

Jl. KH. Ahmad Dahlan, Cireundeu, Ciputat

Tangerang Selatan, 15419,
Email: jurnal.as-syifa@umj.ac.id