Pola Penyebaran COVID-19 di DKI Jakarta Pada Bulan Maret-Juli 2020 Secara Spasial

Abstract

Berbagai negara di dunia termasuk Indonesia tengah menghadapi pandemi Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) yang disebabkan oleh Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2).Penyebaran COVID-19 di Indonesia salah satunya di Provinsi DKI Jakarta terjadi dengan pesat. DKI Jakarta merupakan wilayah padat penduduk, sehingga risiko penyebaran COVID-19 juga tinggi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat penyebaran kasus COVID-19 di DKI Jakarta pada bulan Maret-Juli 2020 terjadi secara acak atau kejadian di suatu wilayah dipengaruhi oleh kasus wilayah-wilayah tetangganya dengan menggunakan analisis spasial Global Moran’s Index dan LISA (Local Indicators of Spatial Autocorrelation). Hasil analisis spasial pola distribusi COVID-19 di DKI Jakarta pada bulan Maret-Juli 2020 menunjukkan daerah dengan konsentrasi kasus yang tinggi, terutama di bagian Jakarta Utara serta titik lainnya tersebar di Jakarat Barat dan Jakarta Pusat. Daerah/ kelurahan yang memiliki kuadran high-high terdapat pada kelurahan-kelurahan di Jakarta Utara, Jakarta Pusat, dan Jakarta Barat, daerah/ kelurahan dengan kuadran low-low, banyak berada di  Jakarta Selatan dan Jakarta Timur. Pola spasial COVID-19 di DKI Jakarta dapat menjadi pertimbangan untuk penyusunan kebijakan pencegahan dan pengendalian COVID-19.

Various countries in the world including Indonesia are currently still facing the Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) pandemic caused by Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2). The spread of COVID-19 in Indonesia is very fast, including in DKI Jakarta. DKI Jakarta is a densely populated area, therefore the risk of COVID-19 spread is very high. This study aims to see that the spread of COVID-19 cases in DKI Jakarta in March-July 2020 occurred randomly or events in an area were influenced by cases in neighboring areas using the Global Moran's Index and LISA (Local Indicators of Spatial Autocorrelation) spatial analysis.The results of the spatial analysis showed that the areas with the high-high concentration of cases are mostly located in North Jakarta, with West Jakarta and Central Jakarta also having several areas with high cases. Areas with high-high quadrants are found in North Jakarta, Central Jakarta, and West Jakarta, areas with low-low quadrants are mostly in South Jakarta and East Jakarta.The spatial pattern of COVID-19 in DKI Jakarta can be a consideration for the formulation of policies for the prevention and control of COVID-19.