POTENSI Arachis pintoi SEBAGAI BIMULSA DALAM MENEKAN GUMLA PADA LAHAN BUDIDAYA TANAMAN

Ade Sumiahadi

Abstract


Gulma merupakan salah satu faktor pembatas bagi produksi tanaman. Pengendalian gulma secara kimiawi memiliki dampak negatif secara ekologi, ekonomi dan sosial. Pengendalian gulma secara biologis seperti penggunaan tanaman penutup tanah (cover crops) atau biomulsa (biomulch) atau mulsa hidup (living mulch) dapat menjadi alternatif pengendalian gulma yang lebih ekonomis dan ramah lingkungan. Arachis pintoi merupakan tanaman dari keluarga kacang-kacangan yang memiliki sifat-sifat yang cocok untuk dijadikan sebagai biomulsa atau pada lahan budidaya tanaman. A. pintoi memiliki beberapa kelemahan terkait dalam penggunaannya sebagai biomulsa, namun dapat diatasi dengan pengelolaan yang benar. A. pintoi sama halnya dengan tanaman penutup tanah pada umumnya menekan gulma melalui penekanan perkecambahan, pertumbuhan, perkembangan dan pengurangan seed bank dengan beberapa mekanisme yaitu kompetisi, alelopati dan asosiasi dengan mikroba tanah. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian sebelumnya ditemukan bahwa A. pintoi efektif menekan gulma 42-98% dan secara umum A. pintoi lebih efektif menekan gulma berdaun lebar dibandingkan gulma berdaun sempit.

Keywords


kacang hias; mulsa hidup; pengendalian gulma; tanaman penutup tanah

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References


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DOI: https://doi.org/10.24853/jat.7.1.51-64

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