International Journal of Civil Engineering and Infrastructure

APPLICATION OF GENETIC ALGORITHM TO OPTIMIZE WATER DISCHARGE AT BATU TEGI DAM

Aprizal Aprizal, Rahmat Rahmat — Thu, 14 Aug 2025 00:00:00 +0000

Water is the largest natural resource in Indonesia and it is easy to use in its utilization. Water
that can be utilized directly from the river or by collecting rainwater in a tando pond or
reservoir and then flowing it to turn a turbine. To utilize the available water resources, the
government always builds and maintains its facilities and infrastructure, including by
building dams. Unpredictable rain intensity, especially in the Lampung area, can cause a lack
of optimal water release. If the release of water is not optimal, then the need for water will
not be obtained optimally, but the presence of water in the reservoir cannot always be fulfilled
when it is needed. The Batu Tegi Dam is an important dam for the needs of the surrounding
watershed and Tanggamus. When building a system, optimization is an important
component. System design can reduce processing time, among others through optimization.
Mathematical functions are usually used to describe optimization problems. The process of
maximizing or minimizing the objective function while taking into account the existing
constraints is known as optimization. This calculation uses the Microsoft Excel 2021
application. By analyzing the optimal release discharge, as well as displaying the optimal
discharge value in 2022 using the Genetic Algorithm method. This method is the expertise of
flexibility and accuracy when maximizing complex systems. The results of this study obtain
optimal discharge before and after using the Genetic Algorithm (GA) method with a time
series of 2018 to 2022, making a discharge discharge curve in 2022.
Keywords: Genetic Algorithm, Dam, Release Optimization

UTILIZATION OF ARTIFICIAL AQUIFERS BY ADDING ZEOLITE AND CARBON TO IMPROVE WATER QUALITY

Fri, 28 Mar 2025 00:00:00 +0000

Water is the most important component of life. The function of water for living beings cannot
be replaced by any other substance. One of the main issues currently faced regarding water
resources is the declining quality of water for both domestic and non-domestic purposes.
According to the Regulation of the Minister of Health of the Republic of Indonesia No.
492/Menkes/PER/IV/2010 concerning drinking water requirements, it states that safe and
healthy drinking water for consumption must meet requirements that include physical,
chemical, and bacteriological criteria. Strict requirements are imposed on drinking water
because they are directly related to the biological processes of the body that determine human
quality of life. The consumption rate of drinking water is very high in tropical regions. This is
due to the high humidity, and people in tropical areas require a large amount of drinking
water to quench their thirst. Therefore, high-quality drinking water is necessary to maintain
health. The dangers or health risks resulting from the decline in the physical quality of water
can have negative impacts on health. The utilization of groundwater remains a mainstay for
communities in meeting their domestic and non-domestic water needs. The increasing
population has led to a decline in the quality of clean water due to human activities that cause
environmental pollution. Sources of groundwater pollution include industrial activities, waste
disposal sites, mining areas, residential areas, salt industries, agricultural activities, and
livestock farming.

STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS OF LINAC AND BRACHYTHERAPY BUNKER DESIGN (CASE STUDY: RADEN MATTAHER REGIONAL GENERAL HOSPITAL, JAMBI)

Alif Ihsan Syahroni, Pio Ranap Tua Naibaho, Kristina Sembiring — Fri, 28 Mar 2025 00:00:00 +0000

The LINAC and Brachytherapy bunkers constructed at RSUD Raden Mattaher Jambi are part of a
strategic healthcare development initiative by the Jambi Provincial Government. These bunker
structures possess specialized characteristics to ensure maximum protection against radiation
exposure, utilizing thick reinforced concrete and, in some areas, lead-lined layers. Radiation
Shielding Concrete (RSC), also known as heavyweight concrete, is used for this purpose, typically
having a density greater than 2600 kg/m³. Designed to attenuate gamma rays, X-rays, and
neutrons, the effectiveness of RSC depends significantly on its density. Studies indicate that
concrete with densities between 3012–3820 kg/m³ achieves linear attenuation coefficients (μ)
ranging from 0.224 to 0.265 cm⁻¹, demonstrating high shielding capability. During construction,
deviations occurred between the Detail Engineering Design (DED) and the actual field
implementation (As-Built Drawing or ABD) due to site conditions and safety considerations. This
study aims to analyze the structural differences between DED and ABD. Structural analysis was
conducted using ETABS software to obtain internal forces in the structural elements, followed by
manual verification. Results show that the columns are capable of resisting axial loads and
moments, with reinforcement ratios within the required 1%–6% of gross concrete area (Ag).
Variations in internal forces were identified between DED and ABD. In the floor slab analysis, the
DED design failed to meet flexural strength requirements (Mu > ϕMn), while the ABD design
achieved sufficient nominal capacity (Mu < ϕMn), enhancing the structure’s performance under
service loads.
Keywords: Bunker, Structural Analysis, LINAC, Brachytherapy, Radiation Shielding Concrete

DOMESTIC WASTEWATER PLANNING STRATEGY WITH THE COMMUNAL SEPTIC TANK METHOD (TANJUNG PRIOK, NORTH JAKARTA)

Irvan Romy Setiawan, Kristiana Sembiring, Sempurna Bangun, Pio Ranap Tua Naibaho — Fri, 28 Mar 2025 00:00:00 +0000

A Communal Septic Tank is a domestic waste treatment system commonly used in densely populated areas, both in urban and rural areas. This system functions to process waste from households and commercial buildings to make it safer for the environment and human health. This research was conducted in the densely populated Sunter Agung settlement, Tanjung Priok, North Jakarta, with an area of 4.62 km², as a trial of domestic waste treatment to reduce environmental pollution and its impact on health. The process begins with community outreach, area observation, and preparation of technical documents such as working drawings and Budget Plans (RAB). Planning follows the provisions of SNI 2398:2022. The results of the data study showed that there were 85 families and 413 people. So that the need for a septic tank with a volume size of 16,000 liters / 16 cubic meters with a total of 7 tank units, each tank is equipped with 8 water absorption fields. The total budget that will be needed is IDR 991,000,000. The community will be given training in using the tank. The benefits of using communal septic tanks include improving groundwater quality, soil fertility, and preventing diseases, such as stunting.

Keywords: Communal septic tanks, Domestic waste treatment, Environmental sanitation, Densely populated settlements.

THRESHOLD-BASED ANOMALY DETECTION IN DRY BULK CARGO VOLUME USING SIMULATED LSTM AUTOENCODER RECONSTRUCTION ERROR

Irnanda Satya Soerjatmodjo, Dadang Supriyatno, Zidan Fadzil Abdat — Fri, 28 Mar 2025 00:00:00 +0000

This study addresses the challenge of detecting anomalies in annual dry bulk cargo volumes at a major Indonesian port by simulating the reconstruction error typically produced by an LSTM Autoencoder model. Instead of applying deep learning directly, the research utilizes a statistical approximation involving a three-year centered moving average to emulate the expected cargo pattern. The absolute deviation between actual and smoothed values is treated as simulated reconstruction error. A statistical threshold is then calculated based on the mean and standard deviation of these errors to distinguish normal years from anomalous ones. Results indicate that only the year 2023 exceeded the anomaly threshold, suggesting significant irregularity in cargo flow during that period. The proposed method offers a practical and interpretable framework for anomaly detection, particularly in data environments lacking access to machine learning infrastructure. This approach enables port operators and planners to monitor unusual volume fluctuations efficiently and provides a foundation for further integration of data-driven risk management systems.

Keywords: Dry Bulk Cargo, Anomaly Detection, Reconstruction Error, LSTM Autoencoder, Moving Average, Threshold Classification, Port Operations.

INTEGRATION OF TOPOGRAPHIC DATA INTO 3D CIVIL SOFTWARE AS ROAD DESIGN SUPPORT

Akbar Ali, Mustakim Mustakim, Muh. Jabir — Fri, 28 Mar 2025 00:00:00 +0000

Accurate topographic mapping is a critical component in strategic planning and architectural design of road infrastructure, particularly in the assessment of optimal routing, evaluation of slope stability, and quantification of excavation volumes and landfill requirements. Advances in mapping technologies, such as geographic information systems (GIS), have significantly improved the resolution and precision of topographic data when compared to traditional methodologies. Utilizing Civil 3D software facilitates a faster and more effective approach to contour data analysis and visualization, enabling superior planning and informed decisionmaking. In addition, Civil 3D offers a number of functions, including assessment, volume cut and fill calculations, and drainage analysis, which have proven invaluable in the design of roads and related infrastructure. The researchers employed a feasibility methodology in their study, using Google Earth software as a tool to acquire satellite imagery, while Global Mapper was used for the extraction of coordinate data from each designated point; the processing of the resulting coordinates was performed in Autodesk Civil 3D for the design of a road spanning a total length of 970.70 kilometers. The purpose of this study was to formulate a more systematic and efficient methodology for the integration of topographic data to improve the accuracy and efficacy of 3D model-based road design. The proposed methodology includes analysis of state-of-the-art topographic mapping techniques, evaluation of data compatibility with 3D civil engineering software, and development of strategies for optimization of data formats and processing. keywords : Topography, Civil 3D, Road Planning, Contour Visualization, Gowa Regency

THE EFFECT OF BOREHOLE COLLAPSE ON THE STABILITY OF GROUP PILE FOUNDATIONS

Farahdiba Farahdiba, Basit Al Hanif, Andika Setiawan, Aulia Nusyura Al Islami — Fri, 28 Mar 2025 00:00:00 +0000

The stability and load-bearing performance of pile group foundations are critical in infrastructure development, particularly in deep foundations such as bored piles. This study investigates the impact of borehole wall collapse on the load-bearing capacity and overall performance of a pile group foundation in North Jakarta, Indonesia. The borehole collapse occurred between depths of 25.2 m and 31.8 m, resulting in shortened pile lengths and reduced axial capacity. Subsurface investigations identified poorly graded sand (SP) within the collapsed zone, which contributed to borehole instability. Finite Element Method (FEM) analysis was performed to compare three scenarios: the original 48-meter design, the existing 22-meter condition post-collapse, and a redesigned pile group with additional piles. The 22meter design failed to meet the serviceability safety factor of 2.5, and several piles exceeded allowable limits. In contrast, the redesigned group fulfilled both bearing and displacement criteria, demonstrating improved structural performance. The findings emphasize the importance of design adaptation in response to construction anomalies to ensure the longterm safety and efficiency of deep foundations. keywords : Borehole Collapse, Pile Group Foundations, Bearing Capacity, FEM Analysis

FLOOD MODELING AND ECONOMIC IMPACT ON FLOOD-PRONE RESIDENTIAL AREAS IN THE CILOSEH RIVER BASIN, TASIKMALAYA

Wahyu Gendam Prakoso, Pengki Irawan, Junaedi Setiawan, Siti Rahmawati — Fri, 28 Mar 2025 00:00:00 +0000

The Ciloseh River in Tasikmalaya City, West Java, spanning approximately 26.6 km with a 7,803-hectare catchment area, faces increasing flood vulnerability driven by rapid urban expansion and land-use conversion along its banks. This study systematically characterizes the river's floodplain morphology and quantifies potential economic losses from flooding across various return periods (2- to 50-year events). A comprehensive morphometric analysis of the watershed was conducted using Geographic Information Systems (GIS) to derive critical hydrological parameters. Flood discharge estimations were performed using the Synthetic Unit Hydrograph Gamma-I method. Hydrological data, augmented by field surveys, informed the development of a robust one-dimensional hydraulic model utilizing HEC-RAS software. The generated hydraulic model outputs were then integrated with high-resolution basemaps to produce detailed flood inundation maps. Economic loss assessments were rigorously performed following the ECLAC methodology, quantifying direct damages to infrastructure and residential properties. The analysis reveals significant flood inundation across all simulated return periods, with the 50-year event (Q50 = 473 m³/s) leading to a substantial inundated area of 46,151 m², affecting 244 residential units, and incurring estimated economic losses of IDR 3,188,421,996 (approximately USD 200,000). These findings provide essential data for developing sustainable flood mitigation strategies, informing urban planning, and guiding resilient infrastructure design in rapidly developing riverine environments. Keywords: Flood risk assessment, Hydraulic modeling, HEC-RAS, GIS, Economic impact, Urban hydrology, River engineering