Kajian Konsep Arsitektur Perilaku pada Bangunan Fasilitas Penyandang Berkebutuhan Khusus Studi Kasus: SLB Negeri 2 Jakarta
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.24853/purwarupa.8.1.1-10Abstract
ABSTRAK. Arsitektur perilaku adalah arsitektur yang membahas tentang hubungan antara perilaku manusia dengan lingkungan. Dalam penerapan konsep arsitektur perilaku pada sebuah bangunan, terdapat prinsip dan faktor yang dapat mempengaruhi perilaku manusia. Salah satu bangunan fasilitas penyandang berkebutuhan khusus adalah Sekolah Luar Biasa (SLB). SLB adalah lembaga pendidikan yang merupakan bagian terpadu dari sistem pendidikan nasional yang secara khusus diselenggarakan bagi peserta didik yang memiliki tingkat kesulitan dalam mengikuti proses pembelajaran karena kelainan fisik, emosional, mental sosial, tetapi memiliki potensi kecerdasan dan bakat istimewa. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif-kualitatif dan bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana implementasi konsep arsitektur perilaku pada bangunan fasilitas penyandang berkebutuhan khusus, khususnya fasilitas pendidikan. Hasil dari penelitian ini berupa kesimpulan yang berasal dari analisis yang berfokus pada pembahasan mengenai ruang dan tata letak perabot. Dua pembahasan tersebut dianalisis berdasarkan salah satu faktor yang mempengaruhi prinsip arsitektur, yaitu kelompok pengguna.Berdasarkan hasil analisis yang telah dilakukan, SLB Negeri 2 Jakarta telah menerapkan tiga prinsip arsitektur perilaku dengan sangat baik, meliputi mampu berkomunikasi dengan manusia dan lingkungan, mewadahi aktivitas penghuni dengan nyaman dan menyenangkan, serta memperhatikan kondisi dan perilaku dari pemakainya. Kata Kunci: arsitektur perilaku, sekolah luar biasa, ruang, tata letak perabot ABSTRACT. Behavioral architecture is an architecture that discusses the relationship between human behavior and the environment. In applying the concept of behavioral architecture to a building, there are principles and factors that can influence human behavior. One of the facilities for people with special needs is the Special School (SLB). SLB is an educational institution that is an integrated part of the national education system that is specifically organized for students who have a level of difficulty in participating in the learning process due to physical, emotional, social-mental disorders, but have the potential for intelligence and special talents. This study uses a descriptive-qualitative method and aims to find out how the concept of behavioral architecture is implemented in facilities for persons with special needs, especially educational facilities. The results of this study are in the form of conclusions derived from an analysis that focuses on discussing space and furniture layout. The two discussions are analyzed based on one of the factors that influence architectural principles, namely the user group. Based on the results of the analysis that has been carried out, SLB Negeri 2 Jakarta has implemented three principles of behavioral architecture very well, including being able to communicate with humans and the environment, accommodating residents activities comfortably and pleasantly, and paying attention to the condition and behavior of the users. Keywords: behavioral architecture, special schools, space, furniture layoutReferences
Aulia, O. N., & Raidi, S. (2021). Kajian Konsep Arsitektur Perilaku Sekolah Luar Biasa Tunanetra (Studi Kasus: SLB Negeri A Pajajaran, Bandung). (SIAR) Seminar Ilmiah Arsitektur.
Dian, A. (2019). Sekolah Luar Biasa Untuk Anak Luar Biasa. Jurnal Artikel, 1–4.
Marlina, Henny, dan Devi Ariska. 2019. “Arsitektur & Perilaku Manusia.” Journal of Architecture 9(18): 47–49.
Minawati. (2015). Identifikasi anak berkebutuhan khusus di Sekolah Inklusi. (Vol. 3).
Hakim, M. I., Lissimia, F. (2013). Kajian Penerapan Konsep Arsitektur Perilaku Pada Fasilitas Sekolah Luar Biasa Negeri 07 Jakarta. 29–34.
Setiawan, Hariadi B. (2010). Arsitektur, Lingkungan dan Perilaku. Yogyakarta: UGM Press.
Suharlina, Y & Hidayat. (2010). Anak Berkebutuhan Khusus: Seri Bahan dan Media Pembelajaran Kelompo Bermain Bagi Calon Pelatih PAUD. Yogyakarta.
TANDAL, A. N., & EGAM, I. P. P. (2011). Arsitektur Berwawasan Perilaku (Behaviorisme). Media Matrasain, 8(1), 29–39.
Wicaksono, S. I. (2018). Character Building Center di Kaliurang. Locul Potrivit, 38–40.
Widia. (2018). Fasilitas Pendidikan Untuk Anak Berkebutuhan Khusus. Era Konsultan.
Undang-Undang No 8 Tahun 2016 tentang Penyandang Disabilitas.
Kemendikbud RI. (2020). Siaran Pers Nomor: 804 /sipers/A6/XII/2022. Jenis-jenis Sekolah Luar Biasa.
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
COPYRIGHT POLICY
The author(s) of an article published in the Jurnal Teknologi retains ownership of the intellectual property rights in work (s).
PUBLISHING RIGHTS
The author(s) of an article published in the Jurnal Teknologi have unrestricted publication rights. The authors give the Jurnal Teknologi the right to publish the article and designate the Faculty of Engineering Universitas Muhammadiyah Jakarta Publishing as the original publisher of the article.
LICENSING POLICY
Journal of Mechanical Engineering and Sciences is an open-access journal that follows the Creative Commons Non-Commercial 4.0 International License (CC BY-NC 4.0), which states that:
Under this license, the reusers must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. Users may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses users or their use.
Please take the time to read the whole license agreement (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/). As long as reusers follow the license conditions, the owner cannot withdraw these freedoms. The following components are included under this license:
Attribution: Users must provide appropriate attribution, including a link to the license, and indicate whether or not they made any modifications. Users are free to do so reasonably, but not in a manner that indicates the licensee approves of their usage.
NonCommercial: Users may not use the material for commercial purposes.
