TINJAUAN TERMODINAMIKA DAN KESETIMBANGAN KIMIA DALAM HUBUNGAN PERUBAHAN SUHU TERHADAP KONVERSI REAKSI EPOKSIDASI ASAM OLEAT BERBASIS SAWIT
Abstract
Termodinamika adalah suatu tool yang sangat berguna dalam memahami kesetimbangan kimia yang terjadi secara alami. Energi Bebas Gibbs adalah salah satu dari parameter termodinamika yang menyatakan apakah kelangsungan suatu reaksi terjadi secara spontan atau tidak spontan. Komposisi setimbang reaksi ditentukan oleh DG° dan K. Nilai G akan berubah seiring dengan perubahan komposisi kimia reaktan menjadi produk. Kesetimbangan reaksi atau pergeseran reaksi kimia antara lain dipengaruhi oleh suhu reaksi. Epoksidasi asam oleat merupakan reaksi eksotermis reversible. Pada reaksi eksotermis reversible, bila suhu dinaikkan (T2 lebih besar dari T1), maka nilai K akan menurun (K2 lebih kecil dari K1) sehingga X2 lebih kecil dari X1. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara perubahan suhu terhadap konversi reaksi ditinjau secara termodinamika dan kesetimbangan kimia. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan metode reaksi epoksidasi dalam suatu sistem katalis padat. Epoksidasi asam oleat dengan asam performat yang dibentuk secara in situ dalam suatu sistem reaksi katalis padat. Pengolahan data dilakukan berdasarkan hasil analisa bilangan iodin pada produk epoksi asam oleat. Konversi maksimum terjadi pada suhu reaksi 65oC. Berdasarkan tinjauan termodinamika dan kesetimbangan kimia, pengaruh suhu reaksi terhadap konversi epoksidasi asam oleat sesuai dengan persamaan Van’t Hoff dan prinsip Le Chatelier.
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