PERTUMBUHAN KULTUR TUNAS Dahlia sp. PADA MEDIA MS DENGAN PENGURANGAN KADAR GULA DAN TUTUP TABUNG BERVENTILASI

Rudiyanto Rudiyanto, Dyah Retno Wulandari, Tri Muji Ermayanti

Abstract


Dahlia sp. merupakan tanaman hias yang menghasilkan umbi mengandung inulin yang bermanfaat sebagai antioksidan. Kultur jaringan tanaman diaplikasikan untuk menghasilkan bibit dahlia yang seragam, dalam waktu relatif singkat, dan tidak dipengaruhi musim. Modifikasi media dan lingkungan in vitro sering dilakukan untuk meningkatkan pertumbuhan dan ketegaran. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pengurangan konsentrasi gula dan ventilasi pada tutup tabung kultur terhadap pertumbuhan tunas Dahlia sp. secara in vitro. Percobaan menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap faktorial dengan faktor yang diuji yakni gula dengan konsentrasi 10, 20 dan    30 g/l yang dikombinasikan dengan ventilasi tutup tabung berupa filter berjumlah 0, 1, 2 dan 4. Percobaan mempunyai 12 ulangan. Peubah yang diamati adalah tinggi tanaman, jumlah daun, jumlah tunas samping serta jumlah akar, diamati 2 kali seminggu dari umur 0 – 4 minggu. Pengukuran diameter batang, bobot basah dan bobot kering dilakukan pada umur 4 minggu. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa konsentrasi gula berpengaruh terhadap jumlah tunas samping sedangkan jumlah ventilasi filter berpengaruh terhadap tinggi tanaman dan jumlah daun. Tidak terdapat interaksi antara 2 faktor yang diujikan. Pada umur 4 minggu tinggi tanaman, jumlah daun, jumlah tunas samping serta jumlah akar yang tinggi terdapat pada perlakuan tanpa filter yang dikombinasikan dengan 10 dan 20 g/l gula, sedangkan terendah terdapat pada perlakuan ventilasi 4 filter yang dikombinasikan dengan 30 g/l gula. Pada perlakuan ventilasi 2 filter yang dikombinasikan dengan 20 g/l gula menghasilkan diameter batang tertinggi, berbeda nyata dengan perlakuan lainnya, pada perlakuan ini juga menghasilkan bobot basah dan bobot kering yang lebih tinggi.

ABSTRACT

Dahlia sp. is an ornamental plant producing tubers containing inulin useful as antioxidant. Plant tissue culture technique is commonly applied to produce unvaried dahlia shootsin, relatively short time, and season independent. Modification on in vitro medium and environmental condition is usually done to promote shoots growth and performance. The aim of this research was to investigate the effect of sugar concentration reduction in combination with ventilation of vessel culture on in vitro shoots growth of Dahlia sp. The experiment design was factorial completely randomized design with factors tested were sugar concentrations at 10, 20 and 30 g/l in combination with 0, 1, 2 and 4 number of filters. The experiment had 12 replicates. Variables tested were height od shoots, number of leaves, number of shoots and number of roots which observed twice a week from 0-4 weeks after culture. Shoots diameter, shoots weight and dry weight of Dahlia was observed 4 weeks after culture. The results showed that sugar concentration significantly affected the number of shoots, otherwise number of filter significantly affected  plant height and number of leaves. There wass no interaction between the 2 factors tested. Four weeks after culture, the highest plant height, number of leaves, number of shoots and number of roots were found on medium containing 10 and 20 g/l sugar without ventilated filter. On the otherhand, the lowest value was found on medium containing 30 g/l sugar in combination with 4 filters. On medium containing 20 g/l sugar in combination with 2 filters produced highest diameter of shoots, significantly different with other treatments. This treatment also produced higher shoots weight and dry weight.


Full Text:

PDF

References


Bhojwani, S.S. dan M.K. Rajdan. 2004. Plant Tissue Culture: Theory and Practice, A Revised Edition. Elsevier Publication. Netherland. Hal: 47 – 48.

de-Paiva Neto, V.B., dan Otoni W.C. 2003. Carbon Sources and Their Osmotic Potential in Plant Tissue Culture: Does It Matter?. Science Horticulture, (97): 193 – 202.

Ermayanti, T.M. dan E. Al-Hafiizh. 2013. Multiplication Shoots of Dahlia sp Using Different Type of Cytokinin on In Vitro Culture. Prosiding Seminar Nasional XVI Kimia dalam Pembangunan. Hal: 733 – 740.

Fatima, B., M. Usman, T. Ashraf, R. Waseem dan M. A. Ali. 2007. In vitro Shoot Regeneration from Cotyledon and Hypocotyl Explants of Dahlia Cultivars. Journal Agriculture Science, Vol. 44 (2): 312 – 316.

Hassankhah, A., K. Vahdati, M. Lotfi, M. Mirmasoumi, J. Preece dan M.H. Assareh. 2014. Effects of Ventilation and Sucrose Concentrations on the Growth and Plantlet Anatomy of Micropropagated Persian Walnut Plants. International Journal of Horticultural Science and Technology, Vol. 1 (2): 111 – 120.

Ibrahim, M.A. dan I.A. Daraj. 2015. Micropropagation of dahlia plants (Dahlia variabilis Wild (Desf.)). Effect of Explant and Plant Growth Regulators on Shoot Regeneration and Growth. Advances in Agriculture & Botanics International Journal of the Bioflux Society, Vol. 7 (1): 1 – 6.

Mohamed, M.H. dan A.A. Alsadon. 2010. Influence of Ventilation and Sucrose on Growth and Leaf Anatomy of Micropropagated Potato Plantlets. Science Horticulture, Vol. 123 (1): 295 – 300.

Murashige, T. and Skoog, F. 1962. A Revised Medium for Rapid Growth and Bio Assays with Tobacco Cultures. Physiologia Plantarum, Vol. 15 (3): 473 – 497.

Pierik, R.L.M. 1987. In Vitro Culture of Higher Plants. Martinus Nijhoff, Dordrecht, hal: 24 - 26.

Sandiya, A.A., Y. Retnaningtyas dan L. Wulandari. 2014. Determinasi Inulin dalam Sampel Ekstrak Umbi Dahlia (Dahlia spp. L.) yang Ditanam pada Media Tanah dan Polybag dengan Metode Klt-Densitometri. E-Jurnal Pustaka Kesehatan, Vol. 2 (2): 199 − 204.

Wadankar, G.D. dan S.N. Malode. 2012. In vitro Regeneration of Dahlia Cav. Journal of Global Biosciences, Vol. 1 (1): 28 – 41.

Wulandari, D.R., Rudiyanto, B.W. Hapsari dan T.M. Ermayanti. 2017. Pertumbuhan Kultur Tunas Tacca leontopetaloides pada Tabung Kultur Polipropilen Berventilasi. Prosiding Seminar Nasional Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Nasional. Hal: 121 – 133.

Yuliana D. 2016. Prebiotik Inulin Asal Umbi Bunga Dahlia (Dahlia spp) sebagai Feed Additive untuk Meningkatkan Ketahanan Tubuh Broiler. Skripsi. Fakultas Peternakan Universitas Hasanuddin Makassar.


Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.
Powered by Puskom-UMJ