ASESMEN RELIABILITAS JEMBATAN RANGKA BAJA BENTANG 55 M DENGAN UJI BEBAN STATIK DAN DINAMIK

Heri Khoeri, Roberto Pradana, Panji Nugroho

Abstract


Uji beban jembatan baik statik maupun dinamik bertujuan untuk memastikan keamanan dan kenyamanan penggunanya selama masa layan. Pada uji beban dinamik penilaian didasarkan parameter dinamik berupa frekuensi alami, rasio redaman, kekakuan dan pola getar, sementara pada uji beban statik menggunakan parameter tidak terlampauinya batas tegangan dan lendutan saat operasional termasuk saat pembebanan maksimum. Uji beban dinamik dilakukan dengan memberikan eksitasi buatan dengan menjatuhkan roda depan truk dari ketinggian 20 cm, percepatan direkam mulai sebelum sampai sesudah aplikasi beban. Dari hasil analisis modal eksperimental (EMA) data percepatan diperoleh frekuensi alami 2,906Hz lebih dari rencana (1.44Hz) dan rata-rata jembatan bentang 55m di Indonesia (2.53Hz), namun rasio redaman 5.222%+0.705% mengindikasikan adanya disipasi energi yang besar, yang bisa jadi akibat adanya defect. Sementara dari uji beban statik, lendutan pada bentang tengah dengan beban 52UDL adalah 15mm yang diextrapolasi ke 100%UDL menjadi 28.85mm, masih di bawah lendutan ijin 45 mm. Begitupun pada bentang tepi lendutan 52%UDL terukur 9.26mm yang diextrapolasi ke 100%UDL menjadi 17.81mm juga masih di bawah lendutan ijin 28mm, namun rasio lendutan sisa terhadap lendutan maksimum 0.385+0.034 melebihi batas ijin yaitu 0.2 menunjukkan perilaku inelastis saat loading-unloading. Uji beban statik dan dinamik menunjukkan keseuaian hasil pada perkiraan kapasitas dan adanya indikasi kerusakan.

Kata kunci: asesmen, dinamik, jembatan, statik, uji beban


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