Perbandingan Kualitas Sanitasi Kapal Motor (Motor Vessel) Berbendera Asia dan Non-Asia di Pelabuhan PT. Kaltim Prima Coal

Abstract

Pelabuhan merupakan area penting dalam lalu lintas barang dan manusia serta berisiko tinggi menjadi jalur masuk penyakit menular. PT. Kaltim Prima Coal (KPC) sebagai pelabuhan ekspor batu bara terbesar di Indonesia menerima ratusan kapal dari berbagai negara setiap tahunnya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membandingkan kualitas sanitasi kapal berbendera Asia dan non-Asia yang bersandar di pelabuhan tersebut. Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif deskriptif terhadap 41 kapal (16 Asia, 25 non-Asia) dan menilai 8 kompartemen: dapur, ruang makan, gudang, ruang kru, air minum, penyimpanan makanan, limbah cair dan limbah padat. Hasil uji t menunjukkan perbedaan signifikan pada kualitas sanitasi dapur, ruang makan, ruang kru, dan penyimpanan makanan (p<0,05), di mana kapal non-Asia memiliki nilai lebih tinggi. Tidak terdapat perbedaan signifikan pada kompartemen lainnya. Kapal berbendera non-Asia memiliki kualitas sanitasi yang relatif lebih baik dibanding kapal berbendera Asia.
Kata kunci: sanitasi kapal, kapal asing, pelabuhan, kesehatan masyarakat
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Ports serve as critical hubs for goods and human movement, but also pose a high risk for the introduction of infectious diseases. PT. Kaltim Prima Coal (KPC), the largest coal export port in Indonesia, receives hundreds of ships from various countries annually. This study aims to compare the sanitation quality of Asia-flagged and non-Asia-flagged motor vessels docking at the port. A descriptive quantitative approach was used to observe 41 vessels (16 Asia, 25 non-Asia), assessing 8 compartments: kitchen, dining room, storage, crew quarters, drinking water, food storage, liquid waste, and solid waste. Independent t-test results showed significant differences in sanitation quality in the kitchen, dining room, crew quarters, and food storage compartments (p<0.05), with non-Asia-flagged vessels scoring higher. No significant differences were found in the remaining compartments.Non-Asia-flagged vessels tend to exhibit better sanitation quality compared to Asia-flagged vessels.
Keywords: ship sanitation, foreign vessels, port, public health