Budaya Keselamatan (Kajian Kepustakaan)

Dihartawan Dihartawan

Abstract


Penelitian ini merupakan kajian kepustakaan mengenai budaya keselamatan (safety culture) yang bersifat kualitatif, dan menggunakan teknik content analysis dengan pendekatan comparative approach, bertujuan untuk mengetahui dengan lebih baik konsep budaya keselamatan (safety culture). Kajian ini menggunakan metode komparatif dilakukan analisis untuk mendapatkan pemahaman dan pengertian yang mendalam mengenai budaya keselamatan (safety culture) dalam konsep organisasi. Konsep budaya keselamatan (safety culture) merupakan konsep penting didalam organisasi. Pemahaman yang mendalam mengenai konsep ini penting mengingat keterkaitan antara konsep dan aplikasi dari kedua hal tersebut. Pemahaman yang tidak tepat akan konsep tersebut dapat menyulitkan bagi para pembuat aturan/regulasi, praktisi dan peneliti dalam berkomunikasi mengenai budaya keselamatan (safety culture). Berdasarkan kajian yang mendalam ini akhirnya penulis mencoba memunculkan gambaran definisi dari budaya keselamatan (safety culture), bahwa budaya keselamatan (safety culture) adalah ‘sesuatu yang tercipta mengakar kepada nilai-nilai, norma dan keyakinan dasar, tersebar pada seluruh anggota organisasi melalui interaksi sosial baik antar sesama anggota atau anggota dengan organisasi, dimana seiring waktu yang panjang nilai-nilai tersebut telah teruji serta mampu dipercaya dan dipergunakan untuk belajar dan berkembang dalam mencegah dan menghadapi tantangan baik berupa kesalahan, kejadian maupun kecelakaan yang datang dari luar ataupun dari dalam organisasi dan tercermin didalam perilaku individu serta organisasi kearah mengutamakan safety’.

 

Kata Kunci: safety; safety culture; organisasi; organisasi culture


Full Text:

PDF

References


Baram M, Schoebel M. Safety culture and behavioral change at the workplace. Saf Sci. 2007;45(6):631–6.

Smith AP, Wadsworth EJK. Safety Culture, Advice and Performance. Policy Pract Heal Saf [Internet]. 2009;7(1):5–31. Available from: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/14774003.2009.11667726

Deal TE, Kennedy AA. Corporate Cultures 2000 Edition. Boulder, United States: INGRAM PUBLISHER SERVICES US; 2000.

Graves D. Corporate Culture: Diagnosis and Change : Auditing and Changing the Culture of Organizations. New York: St Martins Press; 1986.

Hamden-Turner C. Corporate Culture: From Vicious to Virtuous Circles. London: Random Century; 1990.

Cooper MD. Towards a model of safety culture. Saf Sci. 2000;36(2):111–36.

Cox S, Flin R. Safety Culture: Philosopher’s stone or man of straw? J Work Stress. 2007;12(3):189–201.

Gelndon AI, Litherland DK. Safety climate factors, group differences and safety behaviour in road construction. Saf Sci. 2001;39(3):157–88.

Currie L, Watterson L. Measuring the safety climate in NHS organisations. Nurs Stand Off Newsp R Coll Nurs. 2010;24(24):35–8.

Guldenmund FW. The nature of safety culture: a review of theory and research. Saf Sci. 2000;34(1–3):215–57.

Flin R. Safety culture: identifying and measuring the common features. In: Paper presented at the 24th International Congress of Applied Psychology, Safety Culture Symposium. San Fransisco, CA, USA; 1998.

Schein EH. Organizational Culture and Leadership 2nd Edition. San Fransisco: Jossey-Bass; 1992.

Nielsen KJ. Improving safety culture through the health and safety organization: A case study. J Safety Res. 2014;48:7–17.

Taylor JB. Safety Culture : Assessing and Changing the Behaviour of Organisations. Farnham, Surrey: Gower Publishinh Company; 2010.

Singer SJ, Slwell A, Gaba DM, Baker LC. Patient safety climate in US hospitals: variation by management level. J Med Care. 2008;46(11):1149–56.

Cox S, Cox T. The structure of employee attitudes to safety: A European example. J Work Stress. 1991;5(2):93–106.

International Atomic Energy Agency [IAEA]. Safety culture [Internet]. Vol. No.75-INSA, Safety Series. 1991. 1-44 p. Available from: http://www-pub.iaea.org/MTCD/publications/PDF/Pub882_web.pdf

Pidgeon NF. Safety Culture and Risk Management in Organizations. J Cross Cult Psychol. 1991;22(1):129–40.

Ostrom L, Wilhelmsen C, Kaplan B. Assessing safety culture. Nucl Saf [Internet]. 1993;34(2):163–72. Available from: syncii:///Assessing safety culture.webarchive

Geller ES. Ten Principles for achieving a total safety culture. Saf Manag. 1994;39(9):18–24.

Lee T, Harrison K. Assessing safety culture in nuclear power stations. Saf Sci. 2000;34(1–3):61–97.

Hale AR. Culture’s confusions. Saf Sci. 2000;34(1–3):1–14.

Glendon AI, Stanton NA. Perspectives on safety culture. Saf Sci. 2000;34(1–3):193–214.

Richter A, Koch C. Integration, differentiation and ambiguity in safety cultures. Saf Sci. 2004;42(8):703–22.

Reason J. Human error: models and management. BMJ. 2000;320:768–70.

Reason J. Managing the Risks of Organizational Accidents 1st Edition. Aldershot: Ashgate;

Edwards JRD, Davey J, Armstrong K. Returning to the roots of culture: A review and re-conceptualisation of safety culture. Saf Sci. 2013;55:70–80.

Vu T, Cieri H De. Safety culture and safety climate definitions suitable for a regulator : A systematic literature review. 2014;(April):1–92.




DOI: https://doi.org/10.24853/jkk.14.1.98-108

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


Creative Commons License
Jurnal Kedokteran dan Kesehatan is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
View My Stats website statistics
Powered by Puskom-UMJ