Blood Pressure Factors on Proteinuria in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients
Abstract
Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM), one of the metabolic degenerative diseases, requires significant resources to treat complications. Microvascular complications are diabetic nephropathy which is characterized by proteinuria. Blood pressure monitoring is part of self-management to avoid complications. Purposes: This study aims to determine the relationship between blood pressure and proteinuria in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus at the Matraman District Health Center, East Jakarta. Methods: This study used a cross-sectional study analysis by collecting secondary data on patients diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus at the Matraman District Health Center, East Jakarta for the period Juli-October 2021. Results: A total of 51 patients were sampled in this study; 34 (66.7%) were female and 17 other patients (33.3%) were male. Most cases with an age range of 45-64 years, namely 38 patients (74.5%). On examination of blood pressure with the highest frequency, 27 patients (52.9%) had normal blood pressure; on examination of proteinuria, found proteinuria +1 in 25 patients (49%), proteinuria +2 in 3 patients (5.9%), and proteinuria negative as many as 23 patients (45,1%). From the results of the Gamma correlation obtained a value (p= 0.022) (r = 0.441). Conclusion: Based on the results of this study, in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus, the highest age range was 45-64 years, with more cases found in women, normal blood pressure, and +1 proteinuria levels. A significant relationship exists between blood pressure and proteinuria in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients at the Matraman District Health Center, East Jakarta.
Keywords
Full Text:
PDFReferences
Bhatt H, Saklani S, Upadhayay K. Anti-oxidant and anti-diabetic activities of ethanolic extract of Primula denticulata Flowers. Indones J Pharm [Internet]. 2016 Mar 1;27(2):74. Available from: http://indonesianjpharm.farmasi.ugm.ac.id/index.php/3 /article/view/1061
Widianita N, Wibowo RM. Comparison of Death Rates between COVID-19 Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and without Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Muhammadiyah Med J. 2023;4(1):45.
Soelistijo S. Pedoman Pengelolaan dan Pencegahan Diabetes Melitus Tipe 2 Dewasa di Indonesia 2021 [Internet]. Global Initiative for Asthma. PB PERKENI; 2021. p. 46. Available from: www.ginasthma.org.
Pusat Data dan Informasi Kementerian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia. Tetap Produktif, Cegah dan Atasi Diabetes Mellitus. Kementerian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia; 2020.
Sihombing M. Faktor yang Berhubungan dengan Hipertensi pada Penduduk Indonesia yang Menderita Diabetes Melitus (Data Riskesdas 2013). Bul Penelit Kesehat [Internet]. 2017 Mar 31;45(1). Available from: http://ejournal.litbang.kemkes.go.id/index.php/ BPK/article/view/5730
Evans JL, Goldfine ID. A New Road for Treating the Vascular Complications of Diabetes: So Let’s Step on the Gas. Diabetes [Internet]. 2016 Feb 1;65(2):346–8. Available from: https://diabetesjournals.org/diabetes/article/65/2/346/40187/A-New-Road-for-Treating-the-Vascular-Complications
ES HS, Decroli E, Afriwardi A. Faktor Risiko Pasien Nefropati Diabetik yang Dirawat di Bagian Penyakit dalam RSUP Dr. M. Djamil Padang. J Kesehat Andalas [Internet]. 2018 Jun 10;7(2):149. Available from: http://jurnal.fk.unand.ac.id/index.php/jka /article/view/794
Rivandi J, Yonata A. Hubungan Diabetes Melitus Dengan Kejadian Gagal Ginjal Kronik. J Major [Internet]. 2015;4(9):27–34. Available from: http://juke. kedokteran.unila.ac.id/index.php/majority/article/view/1404/1246
Surya AM, Pertiwi D, Masrul M. Hubungan Protein Urine dengan Laju Filtrasi Glomerulus pada Penderita Penyakit Ginjal Kronik Dewasa di RSUP Dr. M.Djamil Padang tahun 2015-2017. J Kesehat Andalas [Internet]. 2018 Dec 25;7(4):469. Available from: http://jurnal.fk.unand.ac.id/index.php/jka/article/view/903
Sherwood LL. Fisiologi Manusia. Jakarta: EGC; 2011.
Saputri SW, Pratama ANW, Holidah D. Studi Pengobatan Diabetes Melitus Tipe 2 dengan Komplikasi Hipertensi di Instalasi Rawat Jalan RSU dr. H. Koesnadi Bondowoso Periode Tahun 2014 (Study of Treatment of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus with Hypertension in Outpatient Departement of dr. H. Koesnadi. Pustaka Kesehatan; Vol 4 No 3 [Internet]. 2016; Available from: https://jurnal.unej.ac.id/index.php/JPK/ article/view/5395
Azitha M, Aprilia D, Ilhami YR. Hubungan Aktivitas Fisik dengan Kadar Glukosa Darah Puasa pada Pasien Diabetes Melitus yang Datang ke Poli Klinik Penyakit Dalam Rumah Sakit M. Djamil Padang. J Kesehat Andalas [Internet]. 2018 Dec 10;7(3):400. Available from: http://jurnal.fk.unand.ac.id/index.php/jka/article/view/893
Yulianti SR, Mukaddas A, Faustine I. Profil Pengobatan Pasien Diabetes Mellitus Tipe 2 Di Instalasi Rawat Inap Rsud Undata Palu Tahun 2012. Online J Nat Sci. 2014;3(1):40–6.
Bahri WA. Perbedaan Kadar Proteinuria Pada Penderita Diabetes Mellitus Tipe 2 dengan Hipertensi dan Normotensi. Universitas Muhammadiyah Semarang; 2018.
Bonner R, Albajrami O, Hudspeth J, Upadhyay A. Diabetic Kidney Disease. Prim Care. 2020 Dec;47(4):645–59.
Warren AM, Knudsen ST, Cooper ME. Diabetic nephropathy: an insight into molecular mechanisms and emerging therapies. Expert Opin Ther Targets. 2019 Jul;23(7):579–91.
Yang C-W, Park JT, Kim YS, Kim YL, Lee Y-S, Oh Y-S, et al. Prevalence of diabetic nephropathy in primary care type 2 diabetic patients with hypertension: data from the Korean Epidemiology Study on Hypertension III (KEY III study). Nephrol Dial Transplant Off Publ Eur Dial Transpl Assoc - Eur Ren Assoc. 2011 Oct;26(10):3249–55.
McGrath K, Edi R. Diabetic Kidney Disease: Diagnosis, Treatment, and Prevention. Am Fam Physician. 2019 Jun;99(12):751–9.
Goldenberg RM, Berall M, Chan CTM, Cherney DZI, Lovshin JA, McFarlane PA, et al. Managing the Course of Kidney Disease in Adults With Type 2 Diabetes: From the Old to the New. Can J diabetes. 2018 Jun;42(3):325–34.
Mima A. Renal protection by sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors and its underlying mechanisms in diabetic kidney disease. J Diabetes Complications. 2018 Jul;32(7):720–5.
Sarafidis PA, Khosla N, Bakris GL. Antihypertensive therapy in the presence of proteinuria. Am J kidney Dis Off J Natl Kidney Found. 2007 Jan;49(1):12–26.
Hellemons ME, Denig P, de Zeeuw D, Voorham J, Lambers Heerspink HJ. Is albuminuria screening and treatment optimal in patients with type 2 diabetes in primary care? Observational data of the GIANTT cohort. Nephrol Dial Transplant Off Publ Eur Dial Transpl Assoc - Eur Ren Assoc. 2013 Mar;28(3):706–15.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.24853/mmj.4.2.52-63
Refbacks
- There are currently no refbacks.
Indexed by:
13.jpg)
Work is distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
Copyright of Muhammadiyah Medical Journal (e issn: 2721-317X)