Status Gula dan Hara pada Daun Serta Status Gula pada Buah Manggis Selama Fase Perkembangan Buah

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Published: Jul 18, 2024
DOI: https://doi.org/10.24853/jat.9.1.44-52
Keywords:
Fotosintat glukosa nutrisi sink-source sukrosa

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Dhika Prita Hapsari
Scopus id : 57201616296 Institut Pertanian Bogor, Indonesia
Roedhy Poerwanto
Didy Sopandie
Edi Santosa
Deden Derajat Matra

Abstract

Produksi manggis dari tahun ke tahun mengalami fluktuasi yang cukup signifikan akibat terjadinya ketidakseimbangan fotosintat pada tanaman manggis. Pada saat on year buah manggis yang dihasilkan banyak namun berukuran kecil, sebaliknya pada saat off year buah manggis yang dihasilkan sedikit namun berukuran lebih besar. Selain itu, terjadi gugur buah yang cukup tinggi ketika on year akibat tanaman tidak mampu menopang buah yang sangat banyak. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan tujuan mendapatkan informasi mengenai status nutrisi pada tanaman manggis sehingga dapat menjelaskan fluktuasi hara dan gula pada tanaman manggis selama satu periode panen. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tanaman manggis memiliki rasio jumlah daun dan buah yang tinggi yaitu 142:1. Perubahan kandungan hara daun akibat perkembangan buah manggis paling utama ditemukan pada unsur K, Ca, B, Cu, Zn yang memiliki peran penting dalam proses pembentukan buah. Diduga terjadi hambatan translokasi gula pada fase awal perkembangan buah yang ditunjukkan oleh tingginya kandungan gula pada daun seiring dengan rendahya kandungan gula pada buah manggis. Kandungan glukosa dan fruktosa paling tinggi terdapat pada buah manggis yang memasuki fase pematangan buah.ABSTRACTMangosteen production fluctuates year by year because of imbalance nutrient in plant. Plant produces a lot of fruit with smaller size during “on season”, while few of fruit with bigger size during “off season”. On the other hand, the high fruit drop occurred when “on season” because mangosteen tree is not able to hold too many fruits. This experiment was conducted to obtain the information of nutrient status on mangosteen tree and explain the fluctuation of nutrient and sugar in one harvset period. The result show that mangosteen had a very high ratio between leaves and fruit, i.e 142:1. The changes of nutrient content during fruit development were found in potassium (K) and calcium (Ca), B (boron), Cu (copper), Zn (zinc) which have a critical role in fruit set process. Limitation of sugar translocation in the beginning of fruit development stage was occurred. It shows by the high content of sugar in leaves along with the low content of sugar in mangosteen fruit. The highest glucose and fructose content in mangosteen fruit was found on the beginning of maturation stage.

Article Details

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Vol. 9 No. 1 (2024)
Section
Articles

CC BY-NC 4.0 DEED
Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International

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