POPULATION DYNAMICS IN THE AREAS OF STATE BORDER: STUDY ON POPULATION MIGRATION IN THE DISTRICT OF TALAUD ISLANDS

Abstract

Since the 1980s, descendants of people of Sangir-Talaud and Filipinos have migrated from southern Philippines to Indonesia. They are scattered in several areas in North Sulawesi Province namely the City of Bitung, the District of Sangihe Islands and the District of Talaud Islands. In the City of Bitung and in the District of Sangihe Islands they are treated as foreigners and get resistance from the local population. On the other hand, there are 321 migrants from southern Philippines in the District of Talaud Islands who have been confirmed as Indonesian citizens through the provision of Indonesian Identity Card (KTP) from 2010 to 2014. This study examines the identity of citizenship of migrants and driving and pulling factors the migration of the descendants of Sangir-Talaud and the Filipinos from the southern Philippines to the territory of Indonesia.  This study applies a qualitative method, and implemented in the District of Talaud Islands. The data is collected through in-depth interviews and literature study. The informants are migrants from southern Philippine who have already obtained Indonesian citizenship. The samples used are purposive sampling and snowball sampling. Data were analyzed through three stages, namely reading the transcript, categorizing and contextualizing. The results show that: first, the identity of citizenship of migrants from southern Philippine settled in the District of Talaud Islands consists of : (1) Philippine citizen; (2) has an ID Card as an Indonesian issued by the Consulate General of the Republic of Indonesia in Davao City; (3) has no identity or ID Card as an Indonesian (undocumented citizens) although still descendant of people of Sangir-Talaud. Second, the driving and pulling factors that population migration from the Southern Philippines to the Talaud Islands region are: (1) economic problems in the area of origin; (2) security issues in the area of origin; (3) solicitation from certain parties. And third, this population migration can not be separated from the reason that they are in an area that has long been a cultural unity, so migration from the southern Philippine to the Talaud Islands region is not considered to be unlawful activity.
 
Keywords: Population Migration, State Borders, Citizens.