KETERJANGKAUAN HUNIAN BAGI MBR MELALUI PROGRAM APARTEMEN TRANSIT JAWA BARAT. Studi Kasus: Skema Gerakan Menabung Penghuni Apartemen Transit Jawa Barat (GEMPITA)
Abstract
Tingginya harga rumah mengakibatkan masyarakat, khususnya Masyarakat Berpenghasilan Rendah (MBR), tidak dapat menjangkau kepemilikan hunian. Salah satu program pemerintah yang dapat membantu MBR untuk dapat menjangkau hunian yang sesuai dengan kemampuan ekonomi masing-masing individu adalah program rumah subsidi. Meskipun begitu, uang muka rumah subsidi dinilai masih terlalu tinggi bagi MBR. Oleh sebab itu, Gerakan Menabung Penghuni Apartemen Transit (GEMPITA) hadir untuk membantu mempersiapkan keuangan kepemilikan hunian. Skema ini dibuat untuk penghuni Apartemen Transit Jawa Barat agar dapat mengupayakan pemenuhan uang muka kepemilikan hunian yang layak. Berdasarkan hal tersebut, dapat dilihat bahwa upaya pemerintah dalam membantu masyarakat memenuhi kebutuhan hunian seringkali hanya berfokus sampai pada kepemilikan rumah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melakukan identifikasi dan evaluasi terhadap keterjangkauan hunian layak melalui Skema GEMPITA bagi MBR. Metode penelitian yang digunakan yaitu metode penelitian deskriptif-kualitatif dengan pendekatan studi kasus. Berdasarkan hasil analisis dapat disimpulkan bahwa GEMPITA terbukti membantu MBR dalam mempersiapkan keuangan untuk pemenuhan uang muka (DP) kepemilikan hunian yang layak. Hal ini dapat dilihat dari tahun 2015-2022 sebanyak 247 KK telah memiliki hunian melalui Program GEMPITA. Tetapi, program ini dinilai tidak terjangkau karena (1) pembayaran pertama yang perlu dibayar penghuni tidak hanya mencakup uang muka, tetapi juga biaya administrasi dan kepengurusan legalitas hunian; (2) biaya cicilan bulanan lebih dari 30% dari penghasilan; dan (3) lokasi rumah yang berada jauh dari area perkotaan menyebabkan adanya pengeluaran tambahan seperti biaya transportasi.
High house prices have made people, especially low-income people (MBR), unable to obtain residential ownership. One of the government programs that can help MBR reach housing that suits the economic ability of each individual is the subsidized housing program. Even so, the down payment for subsidized houses is still too high for MBR. Therefore, the Transit Apartment Residents Savings Movement (GEMPITA) is here to help prepare housing ownership finances. This scheme was created for residents of the West Java Transit Apartment to strive to fulfill a decent down payment for residential ownership. Based on this, the government's efforts to help people meet their housing needs often only focus on home ownership. This study aims to identify and evaluate the affordability of decent housing through the GEMPITA Scheme for MBR. The research method used is descriptive-qualitative with a case study approach. Based on the analysis results, GEMPITA has proven to help MBR prepare financially for the fulfillment of a decent down payment (DP) for residential ownership. This can be seen from 2015-2022 as many as 247 families have had housing through the GEMPITA Program. However, this program is considered unaffordable because (1) the first payment that residents need to pay includes not only a down payment but also administrative costs and management of housing legality; (2) monthly installment fees of more than 30% of income; and (3) the location of the
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.24853/nalars.24.1.11-20
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