Behavioral Mapping Dan Adaptasi Terhadap Lingkungan Pada Squatter Settlement

Abstract

ABSTRAK. Hunian, seringkali mengambil peran krusial sebagai wadah kehidupan manusia, esensi serta eksistensinya seolah hampir tidak pernah luput dan menjadi standar pencapaian sebagai dasar kebutuhan hidup. Keterbatasan lahan serta tidak terjangkaunya biaya membuat sebagian lapisan masyarakat berimprovisasi untuk mendapatkannya. Malfungsi terhadap tata ruang serta lahan pun terjadi sehingga terbentuklah squatter settlements, salah satunya di Semanggi, Surakarta. Merespon hal ini, tindakan penataan kawasan tanpa pemindahan dilakukan oleh pihak berwenang sebagai titik temu demi kebaikan bersama. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk menggali sejauh mana komunikasi yang telah terbentuk antara warga squatter settlements dengan pihak berwenang yang berkaitan dengan penataan kawasan, bagaimana perilaku yang terbentuk di squatter settlements melalui behavioral mapping, serta adaptasi yang terjadi di squatter settlements. Penelitian ini berbasis rasionalistik, kualitatif dengan memanfaatkan observasi, serta wawancara. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa eksistensi dari ruang publik sangatlah penting, Warga memanfaatkan jalan, tanggul, puing-puing sebagai wadah interaksi sosial dan bertetangga. Hasil lain menunjukan adanya adaptasi yang dilakukan oleh warga pada area squatter settlements yang dipengaruhi oleh beberapa faktor. Perlunya penggalian lebih dalam terhadap kebutuhan ruang baik itu ruang didalam hunian, maupun ruang publik diperlukan untuk mengantisipasi terjadinya perilaku serta adaptasi yang mengarah pada hal-hal yang tidak diinginkan yang disebabkan oleh kurang terwadahinya aktivitas setelah selesainya penataan kawasan.

Kata Kunci: Adaptasi Lingkungan, Behavioral Mapping, Squatter Settlements

ABSTRACT. Residential often takes a crucial role as a container of human life; its essence and existence rarely escape and become a standard of achievement as the basis for life's needs. Limited land and unreachable costs make some layers of society improvise to get it. Malfunctions in spatial planning and property ensued so that squatter settlements were formed, one of which was in Semanggi, Surakarta. Responding to this, the act of structuring the area without relocation was carried out by the authorities as a meeting point for the common good. This research was conducted to explore the extent of communication that has been formed between squatter settlements and authorities relating to the arrangement of the area, how the behaviour formed in squatter settlements through behavioural mapping and adaptations that occur in squatter settlements. This research is based on rationalistic, qualitative by using observation and interviews. The results showed that the existence of public space is essential. Residents use roads, riverbanks, debris as a place for social interaction and neighbours. Other findings show that there are adaptations made by residents in the squatter settlements that are influenced by several factors. The need for deeper excavation of space needs both in a residential area, and public space is required in order to anticipate the occurrence of behaviour and adaptation that leads to things that are not desirable due to the lack of activities in the area after the completion of the area.

Keywords: Environmental Adaptation, Behavioral Mapping, Squatter Settlements