KARAKTER LINGKUNGAN PERUMAHAN BERBASIS SPACE ATTACHMENT YANG ADAPTIF DAN RESPONSIF DI MANDAILING

Cut Nuraini, Suprayitno Suprayitno

Abstract


ABSTRAK. Space-attachment adalah konsep keterikatan ruang yang dikembangkan dari teori place- attachment atau keterikatan tempat yang menggambarkan keterikatan manusia dengan tempat hidupnya berdasar atribut sosial dan lingkungan. Konsep space-attachment pertama kali diungkap berdasar analisis pengembangan teori place-attachment berbasis bincar-bonom di salah satu lingkungan perumahan perdesaan pegunungan di Mandailing, yaitu Singengu. Menarik untuk diteliti apakah lingkungan perumahan/ permukiman lain di kawasan tersebut memiliki ciri yang sama sesuai dengan temuan  riset sebelumnya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memverifikasi hasil riset sebelumnya dan merumuskan karakter desain perumahan perdesaan pegunungan yang berbasis space-attachment khususnya dalam konteks adaptif dan responsif lingkungan. Penelitian ini menggunakan paradigma rasionalistik dengan metode kombinasi (mixed-methods) antara deskriptif-kualitatif dan studi kasus. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa karakter desain perumahan berbasis space-attachment yang adaptif dan responsif ditunjukkan pada: 1) aspek keterbacaan (kemudahan mengenali tempat), 2) unsur keragaman (variasi dan perbedaan tempat aktifitas), 3) aspek temporal (ruang-ruang temporal), dan 4) setting tempat (sesuai dengan kondisi lingkungan/ kontur). Empat karakter tersebut menegaskan karakter lingkungan perumahan berbasis space-attachment, bahwa lingkungan perumahan perdesaan di Mandailing tidak hanya terikat dengan tempat (place) yang menitikberatkan pada ‘fisik tempat’ yang bersifat fisik, tetapi lebih terikat kepada space (ruang) yang menitikberatkan pada ‘non-fisik ruang’ dan bersifat tak teraga.

 

Kata kunci : Karakter, Lingkungan Perumahan, Space-Attachment, Adaptif, Responsif.

 

ABSTRACT. The concept of space attachment is developed from place-attachment theory, which describes humans' attachment to their place of life-based on social and environmental attributes. The concept of space-attachment was first revealed based on an analysis of the development of a place-attachment theory based on bincar-bonom in one of the mountainous residential areas in Mandailing, namely Singengu. It is interesting to study whether other housing/settlement environments in the Mandailing area have the same characteristics as previous research findings. This study aims to verify previous research results and formulate the character of the mountainous housing environment based on space-attachment, especially in the context of adaptive and environmentally responsive. This study uses a rationalistic paradigm with a mixed-method between descriptive qualitative and case studies. The results showed the adaptive and responsive character of the housing environment based-on space-attachment in legibility aspects (ease of recognizing places), elements of diversity (variations and differences in places of activity), temporal aspects (temporal spaces), and setting of the place (according to environmental conditions/contours). These four characters emphasize the character of the housing environment based on space-attachment. The rural housing environment in Mandailing is tied to a place that focuses on 'physical place,' which is physical. Still, it is more tied to space focuses on 'non -physical space 'and intangible.

 

Keywords : Character, Housing Environment, Space-Attachment, Adaptive, Responsive


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DOI: https://doi.org/10.24853/nalars.20.1.61-72

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