PROSES SINTER LOGAM BERPORI PADUAN MAGNESIUM DENGAN KALSIUM HIDRIDA SEBAGAI AGEN PENGEMBANG
Abstract
Pada beberapa tahun terakhir, magnesium menjadi perhatian kalangan peneliti, hal ini dikarenakan beberapa kelebihan utama dari magnesium adalah sifat mekanik yang meyerupai tulang dan biokompatibilitasnya yang baik. Dalam tubuh manusia magnesium akan mengalami proses degradasi secara alami, sehingga tidak diperlukan tindakan pembedahan lanjutan untuk pengangkatan implan ketika tulang telah sembuh. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah membuat logam berpori Mg- Zn dengan CaH2 sebagai agen pengembang pembentuk pori dengan metode metalurgi serbuk. Campuran serbuk logam Mg, Zn dan CaH2 dengan komposisi Zn 3% berat dan CaH2 5% konstan kemudian ditekan dengan beban 200 Psi dalam cetakan berbentuk silinder dengan ø=10 mm pada temperatur kamar. Proses sintering dilakukan pada T=550°, 600° dan 650°C selama 5 jam dalam suasana argon, dan dilakukan pendinginan dalam tungku. Hasil sintering dikarakterisasi dengan XRD (X-ray diffraction) dan SEM (Scanning Electron Microscope). Dari hasil SEM terlihat bahwa pori yang terbentuk lebih homogen dengan ukuran pori 50-300µm. Dinding pada pori makro terlihat tebal dan kasar, untuk meningkatkan osteointegrasi implan dan butir paduan Mg-Ca-Zn terlihat lebih halus pada perbesaran 5000x. Hasil XRD menunjukkan terbentuknya fasa Mg, MgO, Mg2Ca, Ca2Mg6Zn3 dan MgZn2.
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