Efek Antihiperglikemik Ekstrak n-Heksan Daun Benalu Kersen pada Diabetes melitus Putih Jantan yang Diinduksi Aloksan

Mutia Muthmainnah Firdaus, Subandrate Subandrate, Sadakata Sinulingga

Abstract


Prevalensi diabetes terus meningkat setiap tahunnya. Penelitian pengobatan herbal terus dilakukan untuk mencari pengobatan alternatif yang efektif untuk penyakit diabetes, antara lain buah ceri (Mutingia calabura L.) dan benalu (Dendrofthoe pentandra (L.) Miq.) mengandung senyawa anti diabetes yang serupa. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efek hipoglikemik ekstrak n-heksan daun benalu (Dendrophthhoe pentandra (L.) Miq) dan mengukur dosis ekstrak tersebut yang dapat menurunkan gula darah pada diabetes melitus. Jenis penelitian ini adalah percobaan laboratorium in vivo dengan desain pra-percobaan acak. Ekstrak dibuat menjadi tiga dosis yaitu 53 mg/kg bb, 106 mg/kg bb dan 212 mg/kg bb dengan metode perendaman, menggunakan pelarut n-heksan dan diberikan kepada diabetes melitus secara oral selama 14 hari perlakuan. Sampel penelitian ini terdiri dari 12 ekor diabetes melitus putih jantan (Rattus norvegicus) yang dibagi secara acak menjadi 3 kelompok. Hasil uji t berpasangan antara kadar glukosa darah setelah induksi aloksan dan hari ke-14 menunjukkan p=0,045 pada kelompok dosis pertama, p=0,062 pada kelompok dosis kedua, dan p=0,140 pada kelompok dosis ketiga. Setelah 14 hari penggunaan ekstrak, glukosa darah dosis I turun 49,63%, dosis II turun 27,03% dan dosis III turun 15,09%. Ekstrak n-heksana daun benalu kersen (Dendrofthoe pentandra (L.) Miq) dapat menurunkan gula darah diabetes melitus yang diinduksi aloksan, sehingga berpotensi sebagai obat antidiabetes.


Keywords


Antihiperglikemik, Daun Benalu Kersen, Dendrophthoe pentandra, Ektrak N-Heksan

Full Text:

PDF

References


World Health Organization. Global report on diabetes. World Heal Organ [Internet]. 2016 [cited 2020 Jul 7]; Available from: https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/9789241565257

Roglik. Diabetes in South-East Asia: burden, gaps, challenges and ways forward. WHO South-East Asia J Public Heal [Internet]. 2016 Apr [cited 2020 Jul 13];5(1):1. Available from: https://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/handle/10665/329626/seajphv5n1p1.pdf?sequence=1

World Health Organization (WHO). Country and regional data on diabetes [Internet]. 2018 [cited 2020 Jul 13]. Available from: https://www.who.int/diabetes/facts/world_figures/en/index5.html

Marella S. Flavonoids-The Most Potent Poly-phenols as Antidiabetic Agents: An Overview. Mod Approaches Drug Des. 2018;1(3):2–6.

Kementerian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia (Kemenkes RI). Hasil Utama Riskesdas 2018 [Internet]. Jakarta: Kementerian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia; 2018 [cited 2020 Jul 13]. p. 68–72. Available from: https://www.kemkes.go.id/resources/download/info-terkini/hasil-riskesdas-2018.pdf

Karim F, Susilawati S, Oswari LD, Dzakiyah D, Anindita F. Uji Aktivitas Antidiabetes Akar Kayu Kuning (ARCANGELISIA FLAVA). J Kedokt dan Kesehat Publ Ilm Fak Kedokt Univ Sriwij [Internet]. 2020 Oct 5 [cited 2020 Jul 7];7(3):189–94. Available from: https://ejournal.unsri.ac.id/index.php/jkk/article/view/10190

Hasti S, Emrizal, Susilawati F. Uji Aktivitas Antidiabetes Ekstrak N-Heksana Daun Pucuk Merah (Syzygium Myrtifolium Walp.) Terhadap Mencit Putih Diabetes. Pharmacy [Internet]. 2016;13(August):172–81. Available from: http://www.jurnalnasional.ump.ac.id/index.php/PHARMACY/article/view/1253

Sasmita FW, Susetyarini E, Husamah H, Pantiwati Y. Efek Ekstrak Daun Kembang Bulan (Tithonia diversifolia) terhadap Kadar Glukosa Darah Diabetes melitus Wistar (Rattus norvegicus) yang Diinduksi Alloxan. Biosfera. 2017;

Sinata N, Arifin H. Antidiabetes dari Fraksi Air Daun Karamunting (Rhodomyrtus tomentosa (Ait.) Hassk.) Terhadap Kadar Glukosa Darah Mencit Diabetes. J Sains Farm Klin [Internet]. 2016 Dec 28 [cited 2020 Aug 1];3(1):72. Available from: http://jsfkonline.org

Zahratunnisa N, Elya B, Noviani A. Inhibition of Alpha-Glucosidase and Antioxidant Test of Stem Bark Extracts of Garcinia fruticosa Lauterb. Pharmacogn J [Internet]. 2017;9(2):273–5. Available from: https://phcogj.com/sites/default/files/10.5530pj.2017.2.46_0.pdf

Zuhro F, Puspitasari E, Muslichah S, Hidayat MA. Aktivitas Inhibitor α -Glukosidase Ekstrak Etanol Daun Kenitu ( Chrysophyllum cainito L .) ( α -Glucosidase Inhibitor Activity of Ethanol Extract Kenitu Leaves ( Chrysophyllum cainito L .)). 2016;4(1).

Koneri RB, Samaddar S, Ramaiah CT. Anti-diabetic activity of a triterpenoid saponin isolated from Momordica cymbalaria Fenzl. Indian J Exp Biol. 2014;52:46–52.

Fitrilia T. Inhibisi Enzim α-Glukosidase Menggunakan Ekstrak Daun Benalu Cengkeh (Dendrophthoe pentandra (L.) Mic). J Agroindustri Halal [Internet]. 2017 Apr 16 [cited 2020 Jul 23];3(1):041–7. Available from: https://ojs.unida.ac.id/Agrohalal/article/view/041-047

Gunawan VA, Soetjipto H, Mustika A. Hypoglicemic and Antioxidant Activity of Petiveria alliacea in Diabetic Rat Models. Biomol Heal Sci J. 2020;03(01).

Haryoto, Nur’aini AR. Daun Ubi Jalar Kuning ( Ipomoea batatas Linn .) terhadap of Rod and Yellow Sweet Potato Leaves ( Ipomoea Batatas Linn.) Terhadap Kadar Glukosa Darah Pada Diabetes melitus Jantan. J Farm Sains dan Prakt. 2018;IV(2):1–8.

Kumar D, Ghosh R, Pal BC. α-Glucosidase inhibitory terpenoids from Potentilla fulgens and their quantitative estimation by validated HPLC method. J Funct Foods. 2013 Jul 1;5(3):1135–41.

Larantukan SVM, Setiasih LNE, Widyastuti SK. Pemberian Ekstrak Etanol Kulit Batang Kelor Glukosa Darah Diabetes melitus Hiperglikemia. Indones Med Veterinus. 2014;3(4):292–299.

Mustika A, Indrawati R, Sari GM. Efek Ekstrak Daun Singawalang (Petiveria alliacea) dalam Menurunkan Kadar Glukosa Darah melalui Peningkatan Ekspresi AMPK-α1 pada Diabetes melitus Model Diabetes Melitus. J Farm Klin Indones [Internet]. 2017 [cited 2020 Jul 23];6(1):22–31. Available from: http://ijcp.or.id

Prameswari OM, Widjanarko SB. The Effect of Water Extract of Pandan Wangi Leaf to Decrease Blood Glucose Levels and Pancreas Histopathology at Diabetes Mellitus Rats. J Pangan dan Agroindustri. 2014;2(2):16–27.

Nirwana AP, Astirin OP, Widiyani T. Skrining Fitokimia Ekstrak Etanol Daun Benalu Kersen (Dendrophtoe pentandra L. Miq.). Digilib UNS. 2015;1–6.

Sinulingga, Sadakata Subandrate, Subandrate Safyudin S. Uji Fitokimia dan Potensi Antidiabetes Fraksi Etanol Air Benalu Kersen (Dendrophtoe petandra (L) Miq). J Kedokt dan Kesehat [Internet]. 2020;16(1). Available from: https://jurnal.umj.ac.id/index.php/JKK/article/view/5368

Panneerselvam G, Jothi Narendiran N, Vasanth S, Bupesh G, Prabhu K, Krishnamurthy R. Phytochemical screening, invitro antidiabetic activity of muntingia calabura leaves extract on alpha-amylase and alpha-glucosidase enzymes. Int J Res Pharm Sci [Internet]. 2020 Jan 6 [cited 2020 Jul 13];11(1):1210–3. Available from: https://pharmascope.org/ijrps/article/view/1960

Zahara M. Kajian Morfologi dan Review Fitokimia Tumbuhan Kersen (Muntingia calabura L). Fak Tarb Univ Muhammadiyah Aceh [Internet]. 2018 Nov 10 [cited 2020 Jul 19];5(2):68–74. Available from: http://ejournal.unmuha.ac.id/index.php/pedagogik/article/view/586

Buhian WPC, Rubio RO, Valle DL, Martin-Puzon JJ. Bioactive metabolite profiles and antimicrobial activity of ethanolic extracts from Muntingia calabura L. leaves and stems. Asian Pac J Trop Biomed. 2016 Aug 1;6(8):682–5.

Utomo S. Pengaruh Konsentrasi Pelarut (N-Heksana) Terhadap Rendemen Hasil Ekstraksi Minyak Biji Alpukat Untuk Pembuatan Krim Pelembab Kulit. J KONVERSI [Internet]. 2016 Apr 10 [cited 2020 Jul 14];5(1):39. Available from: https://jurnal.umj.ac.id/index.php/konversi/article/view/1089

Safitri PF, Sinulingga S, Subandrate S. Efek Inhibisi Fraksi N-Heksan Daun Benalu Kersen (Dendrophthoe Pentandra L.) Terhadap Alpha Glukosidase [Internet]. Universitas Sriwijaya. 2019 [cited 2020 Jul 14]. Available from: https://repository.unsri.ac.id/23632/

Chandradevi WA, Avesina M, Anggriyawanti DP, Purnama ER. Pemanfaatan Daun Kelor (Moringa oleifera) Terhadap Pemulihan Struktur Pankreas Mencit Diabetik. Biotropic J Trop Biol [Internet]. 2018 Aug 31 [cited 2020 Aug 1];2(2):85–92. Available from: http://jurnalsaintek.uinsby.ac.id/index.php/biotropic85

Ighodaro OM, Adeosun AM, Akinloye OA. Alloxan-induced diabetes, a common model for evaluating the glycemic-control potential of therapeutic compounds and plants extracts in experimental studies. Med [Internet]. 2017;53(6):365–74. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.medici.2018.02.001

Fitrilia T, Bintang M, Safithri M. Phytochemical screening and antioxidant activity of clove mistletoe leaf extracts (Dendrophthoe pentandra (L.) Miq) [Internet]. Vol. 5, IOSR Journal Of Pharmacy. 2015 [cited 2020 Aug 7]. Available from: www.iosrphr.org

Kristiningrum N, Wulandari L, Zuhriyah A. Phytochemical Screening, Total Phenolic Content, And Antioxidant Activity Of Water, Ethyl Acetate, And N-Hexane Fractions From Mistletoe Moringa Oleifera Lam. (Dendrophthoe Pentandra (L.) Miq.). Asian J Pharm Clin Res [Internet]. 2018;11(10):104–6. Available from: https://doi.org/10.22159/ajpcr.2018.v11i10.25271

Kurniawati E, Sianturi CY. Manfaat Sarang Semut (Myrmecodia pendans) sebagai Terapi Antidiabetes. Fak Kedokteran, Univ Lampung. 2016;5(3):38–42.

Singh R, Arif T, Khan I, Sharma P. Phytochemicals in antidiabetic drug discovery. J Biomed Ther Sci. 2014;1(1):1–33.

Sari SA, Ernita M, Mara MN, AR MR. Identification of Active Compounds on Muntingia calabura L.Leaves using Different Polarity Solvents. Indones J Chem Sci Technol [Internet]. 2020 [cited 2020 Aug 1];03(1):1–7. Available from: https://jurnal.unimed.ac.id/2012/index.php/aromatika/article/view/18309/13467

Nirwana AP, Susilowati IT. Potensi Antibakteri Ekstrak Etanol dan Etil Asetat Daun Benalu Dendrophtoe pentandra terhadap Klebsiella pneumoniae Penghasil ESBL. Biomedika [Internet]. 2017;10(1):36–41. Available from: http://ejurnal.setiabudi.ac.id/ojs/index.php/biomedika/article/download/223/271

Yee LS, Fauzi NFM, Najihah NN, Daud NM, Sulan MD. Study of Dendrophthoe Pentandra Ethyl Acetate Extract as Potential Anticancer Candidate on Safety and Toxicity Aspects. J Anal Pharm Res [Internet]. 2017 [cited 2020 Jul 23];6(1). Available from: https://medcraveonline.com/JAPLR/JAPLR-06-00167.pdf




DOI: https://doi.org/10.24853/jkk.19.2.105-115

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


Creative Commons License
Jurnal Kedokteran dan Kesehatan is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
View My Stats website statistics
Powered by Puskom-UMJ