Characterization of Microcrystalline Cellulose from Cassava Stems Through Acid Hydrolysis Process Using H2SO4 with Variation Concentration
Abstract
Cassava stems have a large enough lignocellulose content, which consists of 56.82% α cellulose, 21.72% lignin, 21.45% Acid Detergent Fiber (ADF), and 0.05 - 0.5 cm long fiber. cassava stems have the potential to be used as raw material for the manufacture of Microcrystalline Cellulose (MCC). It can be isolated by pre-hydrolysis, delignification, and bleaching stages. Then hydrolysis is carried out using H2SO4 acid. the hydrolysis stage using variations of 1.5N, 2N, 2.5N, 3N, and 3.5N. Then the yield, identification, and characterization with FT-IR were tested. The optimum concentration was obtained at 3N with a yield of 35.29%. MCC obtained from cassava stems has similarities with commercial MCC which is indicated by the appearance of the main peak in the IR spectrum at wavelengths of O-H groups, hydrogen bonds, C-H alkane, C-O ether and alcohol bonds. The identification results showed positive results marked by a change in color to violet purple.
Keywords: Cassava Stem, Microcrystalline Cellulose, Hydrolysis, H2SO4, Concentration
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